A diamond is a herbal crystal - an allotrope of carbon. Its chemical composition consists of 100% carbon atoms, arranged in an isometric - hex-octahedral crystal lattice: each atom is connected to 4 different carbon atoms by 4 valence electrons, creating the stable - tough cubic shape.

 

The reality that diamonds belong to the cubic crystal system, doesn't suggest that the outward form of a diamond will always be a cube. In truth, diamonds could have many aspects that belong to a dice, octahedron or dodecahedron.although diamonds most usually arise of their octahedron shape, cube shaped or dodecahedron fashioned diamonds can also be found, although they're less not unusual and very uncommon.The outward last form relies upon on diverse external circumstances, which include temperature and pressure.

 

Theories of Diamonds Formation system:

 

the first diamonds had been found at the lowest of antique and present river-beds, however, in the end of the 19th century, diamonds have been additionally observed in massive stone pipes, which had make bigger downwards into the depth of the earth. cambodian natural gemstones The cloth of these pipes became called "Kimberlite" or"lamproite".

 

Kimberlite changed into first considered to be either hardened lava or the raw cloth of which extinct volcanoes were compounded. therefore humans assumed it become the fabric which created diamonds.

 

There are 3 most important theories which relate to the formation manner of a diamond:

 

One idea concludes that fluids enriched with water, carbon monoxide, nickel, iron and copper are all additives which can be vital to the diamond's formation. a few claim, making an analogy to the system of artificial diamond's manufacture, that it is the transition of sulfur right into a diamond. different conjecture suggests that it's miles carbonic fluid or gases which can be the diamond's beginning.

 

A distinctive principle concludes, that diamond "seeds" have been created in pools positioned in the crust of the earth and that those seeds have grown due to accumulation of increasing quantity of carbonic atoms to the "seed's" external shells. This external shell, in step with this concept, is shaped by way of carbon monoxide or by means of an oxidation of methane fuel, which is believed to be the purpose for elevating the kimberlite cloth close to the earth's floor.

 

every other principle suggests that the methane fuel that's determined in the magma is the simple cloth of the diamond (and now not the carbon monoxide). This gas is the simplest form of carbonic fabric; it could be indifferent from the magma at excessive temperatures and pressures conditions. After the magma cools, the diamond's formation manner might be feasible (assuming the right conditions which have been cited above occur).